Tag: sustainability

  • Tiny Organisms Solve Giant Problems

    The Plastic Problem

    A pressing issue our world is facing is “The Plastic Problem.” Humans have been creating harmful, non-biodegradable plastics and other materials for hundreds of years and polluting the planet with them. Scientists have been working to come up with reasonable solutions to waste management. While creating environmentally friendly alternatives is instrumental in preserving our planet, something must be done about the waste produced in years past.

    A natural solution?

    Who could have guessed that the Earth has been working to solve this itself? Some microorganisms have evolved and adapted to consume different types of plastic and convert their components into something good for the environment.

    Plastic-Eating Bacteria

    Ideonella Sakaiensis is a bacteria discovered in Osaka, Japan. It secretes enzymes that break down harmful PET plastics into biodegradable PHB plastics. This bacteria could break down plastics in around 6 weeks when studied in a lab setting.

    Plastic-Eating Fungi

    Aspergillus Tubigensis, a naturally occurring fungus, was discovered by scientists at a waste disposal site in Islamabad, Pakistan. This fungus is also capable of breaking down plastic by secreting special enzymes. These enzymes destroy the bonds between molecules in the plastic.

    Plastic-Eating Larvae

    Zophobas Morio, or “super worms”, are larvae of the darkling beetle. This creature can decompose polystyrene (AKA Styrofoam) through its digestion. The larvae’s gut microbiome is being studied to learn how to replicate the process of breaking down plastics and learn how to produce more efficient larvae.

    Is This Sustainable?

    For something to be sustainable, it must account for three things: ecology, equity, and economy. In other words, something must be good for people, nature, and the economy.

    While these organisms are all naturally-occurring, they are not the most efficient. In order for these organisms to become viable solutions to our plastic problem, they must be bio-engineered to be hundreds of times more efficient. Large-scale commercial use would be very expensive. The “willingness to pay” philosophy addresses how people will only choose sustainable products if they are willing to pay for them. More expensive endeavors are backed less by the average person. These organisms are only sustainable as long as researchers are given proper funding.

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  • Earth Day Festival Turns A Gray Day Green

    Earth Day Festival Turns A Gray Day Green

    In 1970, 100,000 people gathered in Washington DC to protest the Vietnam War.  The deaths of Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin that year had fatally deglamorized the hippie lifestyle.  Smog-darkened skies were accepted as a byproduct of prosperity.  Environmental concerns had never been at the forefront of serious discussion.  It was Wisconsin senator Gaylord Nelson who first proposed a “national teach-in” on the environment to take place at every university campus in the US.  What better way to ignite a grassroots-led movement than to take advantage of the existing energy from anti-war protests?  The poignant events of 1970 awakened an emerging consciousness on which Earth Day was able to capitalize.  Consequently, 20 million Americans participated in the first Earth Day, and thousands of colleges protested against the deterioration of the environment.

    Forty-two years later, new generations are still helping to make Earth Day a huge international event.  Although the subject of most concern has shifted from local toxic pollution to the complexities of climate change, Earth Day continues to stress the importance of a sustainable society.

    This year at Georgia Tech’s 15th Annual Earth Day celebration the opportunity to unite our voices for a sustainable future was palpable.  Events were designed to encourage environmentally aware behaviors such as recycling, energy efficiency, and reducing disposable items.  The event featured a car exhibit, a green market, a clothes swap, an E-waste drop-off, free bike repair stations, Captain Planet, Reynard the Fox, a stage, and 70 exhibitors all on one sidewalk.

    Most of Earth Day, I volunteered with the Engineers Without Borders (EWB) booth where participants had the opportunity to paint a recycled cardboard tile, with labels “land” or “water” or both, so that when all tiles were pasted together, a map of the world emerged.  The message?  “EWB wants to highlight the interconnectedness of our environment, our world and the importance of sustainability.  Our goal at EWB is to help people on an international level to become more sustainable,” said EWB president Hannah Kates.

    An Earth Day-goer for the last few years, Janna San Juan noted, “Earth Day seems like it’s growing every year.  It gets people excited and reinforces the idea of being green.”  She was looking forward to trying the ‘Renewable Energy Challenge’ where participants could race against a solar panel on a stationary bike to generate energy.  They could light a bulb or fan themselves, such as the person in this image chose to do.

    Shoes flying through the air soon caught my attention.  The ‘Shoot the Shoe’ booth was run by the women’s basketball team, where participants had the opportunity to throw an old tennis shoe through a basketball hoop.  Earth Day committee member, Luke Chambers, who was promoting the booth in collaboration with Nike’s Reuse-A-Shoe program said, “Nike’s shoe recycle program reduces the need for new rubber and other materials which decreases environmental impact.  Our goal is to collect 500 pairs of worn-out tennis shoes.”  He also went on to tell me that $10,500 worth of reusable office supplies were donated for the ‘Office Supply Exchange’ event where students could shop for free.

    Before I could walk anywhere else, I was accosted by what could only be described as the Abominable Plastic Bag Man.  One More Generation, the non-profit organization founded by two elementary school students, was at Earth Day to raise awareness about Americans’ plastic bag use.  Fittingly, their “Plastic Bag Monster” donned 500 bags, the average person’s yearly usage and, hopefully, scared many others into purchasing reusable grocery bags.

     

    Like a child at a carnival, I let my senses lead the way at this event, so I ended up next in front of the live music.  This anomaly of a band, appearing in swing attire while at one point dishing out Spoon’s punk rock song “I Turn My Camera On,” attracted a large crowd with their energetic dancing and old school vibes.  Champagne Room lead singer Jared McGrath announced to the audience in between songs, “My favorite thing that comes from this Earth would have to be… beer.”  Cheers to that.

     

    After taking dozens of photos of the self-proclaimed “Southern Fried Swing Punk” band, I turned around to find another simple sensory boost.  Dry ice!  It was the American Chemical Society giving out cups of cold smoking punch.  They really sealed the deal with some bubble action.  By filling a bowl with a block of dry ice and running soapy water over the top, they created a ‘CO2 bubble’ which eventually erupted into a cloud of fog.  The kids, myself included, loved it.

    Free T-shirts were available for a very small labor fee.  You could collect your olive green “Helluva GREENgineer” shirt by participating in the ‘deconstructed’ maze.  Four eco-trivia stations were distributed throughout the event representing earth, wind, fire, and water.  Participants collected a stamp at each booth by answering the trivia question correctly, and four stamps got you the 100% organic cotton t-shirt.  “We’ve already given out about 150 stamps,” Marcela Moreno, a volunteer at the wind booth, informed me two hours into the event.  I quickly decided to take advantage of this freebie and ran to each station before the event ran out of shirts.

    Near the end of the event, I went back to the EWB booth where all the tiles had been painted.  As I helped paste the painted world back together again, I couldn’t help but think about all of the strides that have been made since the first Earth Day in 1970.  The development of the EPA, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, necessary laws that were formed because of the grassroots effort behind an unsettled generation.  I then noticed that someone had painted a new continent in the middle of our Pacific Ocean, and someone else had painted trees and flowers in our Antarctica.  Clearly, we still have a lot to work on, but with a united society and events like Earth Day, we can still continue to make large strides to save our environment.